Date: 2023-11-12 | Article ID: 15939 |
In quantum theory, observables are represented by linear operators on a Hilbert space. In quantum field theory (QFT), observables are expressed in terms of auxiliary operators called field operators. Article 28477 introduced a family of nonrelativistic models of spinless fermions and bosons. This article explains how to express those models in terms of field operators.
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